Election Data
NB (2026 update): I am in the process of collecting and analyzing data for my thesis. I intend to upload the data after I have finished, which may be a couple more years away.
The below links will allow you to download Excel documents for each country that include an overview of the metrics per election, and tabs for the results (overall and by district) per year, for those that were in-scope of the research for my thesis.
Further details on how I’ve calculated the various metrics in the overviews are included in my thesis: Proportionality and Representativeness in Electoral System Design: Insights from Comparative Analysis of 29 Democracies, 1990-2026.
The excels are almost entirely results for national lower house or unicameral legislatures, with the exception of the upper house for Australia and Czech Republic, and the devolved unicameral legislature for Scotland.
Majoritarian/Plurality formulae: First Past The Post (FPTP)
Canada – 2025-1993
xlsx: federal election results for the Canadian House of Representatives:
- 2025, 2021, 2019, 2015, 2011, 2008, 2006, 2004, 2000, 1997, 1993
Botswana – 2024-1994
xlsx: election results for the Botswanan National Assembly:
- 2024, 2019, 2014, 2009, 2004, 1999, 1994
Jamaica – 2025-1993
xlsx: election results for the Jamaican House of Representatives:
- 2025, 2020, 2016, 2011, 2007, 2002, 1997, 1993
Trinidad and Tobago – 2025-1991
xlsx: election results for the House of Representatives:
- 2025, 2020, 2015, 2010, 2007, 2002, 2001, 2000, 1995, 1991
United Kingdom – 2024-1992
xlsx: election results for the UK House of Representatives:
- 2024, 2019, 2017, 2015, 2010, 2005, 2001, 1997, 1992
United States – 2024-1990
xlsx: election results for the US House of Representatives for the states that use FPTP for general elections:
- 2024, 2022, 2020, 2018, 2016, 2014, 2012, 2010, 2008, 2006, 2004, 2002, 2000, 1998, 1996, 1994, 1992, 1990
Majoritarian/Plurality formulae: Two Round System (TRS), including Instant Run-Off Voting
Australia – 2025-1990
xlsx: federal election results for the Australian House of Representatives:
- 2025, 2022, 2019, 2016, 2013, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2001, 1998, 1996, 1993, 1990
Czech Republic – 2024-1996
xlsx: election results for the Czech Senate:
- 2024, 2022, 2020, 2018, 2016, 2014, 2012, 2010, 2008, 2006, 2004, 2002, 2000, 1998, 1996
France – 2024-1993
xlsx: election results for the French National Assembly:
- 2024, 2022, 2017, 2012, 2007, 2002, 1997, 1993
United States – 2024-1990
xlsx: election results for the US House of Representatives for the states that use some form of TRS for general elections:
- 2024, 2022, 2020, 2018, 2016, 2014, 2012, 2010, 2008, 2006, 2004, 2002, 2000, 1998, 1996, 1994, 1992, 1990
Semi-Proportional formulae: Parallel, also called Mixed Member Majoritarian or Supplementary Member
Japan – 2024-1996
xlsx: election results for the Japanese House of Representatives:
- 2024, 2021, 2017, 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2003, 2000, 1996
Lithuania – 2024-1992
xlsx: election results for the Lithuanian Seimas:
- 2024, 2020, 2016, 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1992
Taiwan – 2024-1992
xlsx: election results for the Taiwanese Legislative Yuan:
- 2024, 2020, 2016, 2012, 2008, 2004, 2001, 1998, 1995, 1992
Semi-Proportional formulae: Single-Transferable Vote (STV)
Australia – 2025-1990
xlsx: federal election results for the Australian Senate:
- 2025, 2022, 2019, 2016, 2013, 2010, 2007, 2004, 2001, 1998, 1996, 1993, 1990
Ireland – 2024-1992
xlsx: election results for the Irish Dáil Éireann:
- 2024, 2020, 2016, 2011, 2007, 2002, 1997, 1992
Malta – 2022-1992
xlsx: election results for the Maltese House of Representatives:
- 2022, 2017, 2013, 2008, 2003, 1998, 1996, 1992
Semi-Proportional formulae: Regional List-Proportional Representation (Reg. List PR)
Costa Rica – 2022-1990
xlsx: election results for the Costa Rican Legislative Assembly:
- 2022, 2018, 2014, 2010, 2006, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1990
Finland – 2023-1991
xlsx: election results for the Finnish Parliament:
- 2023, 2019, 2015, 2011, 2007, 2003, 1999, 1995, 1991
Namibia – 2024-1994
xlsx: election results for the Namibian National Assembly:
- 2024, 2019, 2014, 2009, 2004, 1999, 1994
Spain – 2023-1993
xlsx: election results for the Spanish Congress of Deputies:
- 2023, 2019 (2nd), 2019 (1st), 2016, 2015, 2011, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993
Suriname – 2025-1991
xlsx: election results for the Surinamese National Assembly:
- 2025, 2020, 2015, 2010, 2005, 2000, 1996, 1991
Uruguay – 2024-1994
xlsx: election results for the Uruguayan Chamber of Representatives:
- 2024, 2019, 2014, 2009, 2004, 1999, 1994
Proportional formulae: National List-Proportional Representation (Nat. List-PR)
Cyprus – 2021-1991
xlsx: election results for the Cypriot House of Representatives:
- 2021, 2016, 2011, 2006, 2001, 1996, 1991
Iceland – 2024-1991
xlsx: election results for the Icelandic Althing:
- 2024, 2021, 2017, 2016, 2013, 2009, 2007, 2003, 1999, 1995, 1991
Israel – 2022-1992
xlsx: election results for the Israeli Knesset:
- 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019 (2nd), 2019 (1st), 2015, 2013, 2009, 2006, 2003, 1999, 1996, 1992
Netherlands – 2025-1994
xlsx: election results for the Dutch House of Representatives:
- 2025, 2023, 2021, 2017, 2012, 2010, 2006, 2003, 2002, 1998, 1994
Slovakia – 2023-1990
xlsx: election results for the Slovak National Council:
- 2023, 2020, 2016, 2012, 2010, 2006, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1992, 1990
South Africa – 2024-1994
xlsx: election results for the South African National Assembly:
- 2024, 2019, 2014, 2009, 2004, 1999, 1994
Proportional formulae: Mixed-Member Proportional (MMP).
Germany – 2025-1990
xlsx: federal election results for the German Bundestag:
- 2025, 2021, 2017, 2013, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1990
New Zealand – 2023-1996
xlsx: election results for the New Zealand House of Representatives:
- 2023, 2020, 2017, 2014, 2011, 2008, 2005, 2002, 1999, 1996
Scotland – 2021-1999
xlsx: election results for the devolved Scottish Parliament:
- 2021, 2016, 2011, 2007, 2003, 1999
